Journal: American Journal of Translational Research

Article Title: The anti-tumour effect of Mel and its role in autophagy in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells

doi:

Figure Lengend Snippet: The IC 50 values of Mel in human HCC cell lines

Article Snippet: Trypan blue-positive assay Trypan blue staining was used to detect the cell death of hepatoma HepG2 cells in different concentrations of Mel for 24 h. The percentage of trypan blue-positive cells was counted using trypan blue (Bio-Rad 145-0021) in triplicate for each condition, with a minimum of 100 cells for each sample.

Techniques:

Journal: American Journal of Translational Research

Article Title: The anti-tumour effect of Mel and its role in autophagy in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells

doi:

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of Mel on the proliferation and apoptosis of HepG2 cells. A. The cells were treated with different concentrations of Mel for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. The cell viability measured by MTT indicated that Mel could inhibit cell proliferation, and the inhibition was increased along with the levels of Mel and treatment time (all P<0.05). B. Mel induces the apoptosis of HepG2 cells, and the induction was promoted with increasing concentration of Mel.

Article Snippet: Trypan blue-positive assay Trypan blue staining was used to detect the cell death of hepatoma HepG2 cells in different concentrations of Mel for 24 h. The percentage of trypan blue-positive cells was counted using trypan blue (Bio-Rad 145-0021) in triplicate for each condition, with a minimum of 100 cells for each sample.

Techniques: Inhibition, Concentration Assay

Journal: American Journal of Translational Research

Article Title: The anti-tumour effect of Mel and its role in autophagy in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells

doi:

Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression changes of crucial proteins in HCC cells treated with Mel. A. Impact on the expression of proteins related to human hepatoma cells, Beclin 1, p62, Bcl-2, Cyto-C, caspase 9 and caspase 3 when Mel, CQ, and RAPA were used alone and together. B. The influence of silenced Beclin 1 on the role of Mel in regulating the expressions of Beclin 1, p62, Bcl-2, Cyto-C, caspase 9 and caspase 3.

Article Snippet: Trypan blue-positive assay Trypan blue staining was used to detect the cell death of hepatoma HepG2 cells in different concentrations of Mel for 24 h. The percentage of trypan blue-positive cells was counted using trypan blue (Bio-Rad 145-0021) in triplicate for each condition, with a minimum of 100 cells for each sample.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Induction of apoptosis in cancer cells by NiZn ferrite nanoparticles through mitochondrial cytochrome C release

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S50061

Figure Lengend Snippet: Trypan blue exclusion assay for cell viability of ( A ) HT29, ( B ) HepG2, ( C ) MCF-7, and ( D ) MCF 10A cancer cells after 12 and 36 hours (hrs) of treatment with NiZn ferrite nanoparticles. Mean ± standard deviation (n = 3 wells/treatment). * P < 0.05 compared with untreated cells.

Article Snippet: Three virus-negative human cancer cell lines, ie, breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 (ATCC® HTB-22TM), colorectal adenocarcinoma HT29 (ATCC® HTB-38TM), hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 (ATCC® 77400), and a breast epithelial MCF 10A (ATCC® CRL-10317TM) line were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, MD, USA).

Techniques: Trypan Blue Exclusion Assay, Standard Deviation

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Induction of apoptosis in cancer cells by NiZn ferrite nanoparticles through mitochondrial cytochrome C release

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S50061

Figure Lengend Snippet: Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was measured in ( A ) HepG2, ( B ) MCF-7, ( C ) HT29, and ( D ) MCF 10A cancer cells after 12 and 36 hours (hrs) of treatment at 10, 50, 100, and 1000 μg/ml. Data are expressed as a percentage of untreated samples (mean ± standard deviation) of three separate experiments performed in triplicate. Mean ± standard deviation (n = 3 wells/treatment). * P < 0.05 compared with untreated cells.

Article Snippet: Three virus-negative human cancer cell lines, ie, breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 (ATCC® HTB-22TM), colorectal adenocarcinoma HT29 (ATCC® HTB-38TM), hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 (ATCC® 77400), and a breast epithelial MCF 10A (ATCC® CRL-10317TM) line were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, MD, USA).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Standard Deviation

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Induction of apoptosis in cancer cells by NiZn ferrite nanoparticles through mitochondrial cytochrome C release

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S50061

Figure Lengend Snippet: Variations in the demotion of Bcl-2 protein in ( A ) HepG2, ( B ) MCF-7, ( C ) HT29, and ( D ) MCF 10A cells after treatment with NiZn ferrite nanoparticles (10, 50, and 100 μg/ml) for 12 and 36 hours (hrs). The Bcl-2 protein levels are shown as the relative ratios for nanoparticle-treated cells to that of untreated cells. Mean ± standard deviation (n = 3 wells/treatment). * P < 0.05 compared with untreated cells. Abbreviation: Conc, concentation.

Article Snippet: Three virus-negative human cancer cell lines, ie, breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 (ATCC® HTB-22TM), colorectal adenocarcinoma HT29 (ATCC® HTB-38TM), hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 (ATCC® 77400), and a breast epithelial MCF 10A (ATCC® CRL-10317TM) line were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, MD, USA).

Techniques: Standard Deviation

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Induction of apoptosis in cancer cells by NiZn ferrite nanoparticles through mitochondrial cytochrome C release

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S50061

Figure Lengend Snippet: Variations in the elevation of Bax protein in ( A ) HepG2, ( B ) MCF-7, ( C ) HT29, and ( D ) MCF 10A cells after treatment with NiZn ferrite nanoparticles (10, 50, and 100 μg/ml) for 12 and 36 hours (hrs). The Bax protein levels are shown as the relative ratios for nanoparticle-treated cells to that of untreated cells. Mean ± standard deviation (n = 3 wells/treatment). * P < 0.05 compared with untreated cells. Abbreviation: Conc, concentation.

Article Snippet: Three virus-negative human cancer cell lines, ie, breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 (ATCC® HTB-22TM), colorectal adenocarcinoma HT29 (ATCC® HTB-38TM), hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 (ATCC® 77400), and a breast epithelial MCF 10A (ATCC® CRL-10317TM) line were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, MD, USA).

Techniques: Standard Deviation

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Induction of apoptosis in cancer cells by NiZn ferrite nanoparticles through mitochondrial cytochrome C release

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S50061

Figure Lengend Snippet: Variations in the elevation of p53 protein in ( A ) HepG2, ( B ) MCF-7, ( C ) HT29, and ( D ) MCF 10A cells after treatment with NiZn ferrite nanoparticles (10, 50, and 100 μg/ml) for 12 and 36 hours (hrs). The p53 protein levels are shown as the relative ratios for nanoparticle-treated cells to that of untreated cells. Mean ± standard deviation (n = 3 wells/treatment). * P < 0.05 compared with untreated cells. Abbreviation: Conc, concentation.

Article Snippet: Three virus-negative human cancer cell lines, ie, breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 (ATCC® HTB-22TM), colorectal adenocarcinoma HT29 (ATCC® HTB-38TM), hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 (ATCC® 77400), and a breast epithelial MCF 10A (ATCC® CRL-10317TM) line were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, MD, USA).

Techniques: Standard Deviation

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Induction of apoptosis in cancer cells by NiZn ferrite nanoparticles through mitochondrial cytochrome C release

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S50061

Figure Lengend Snippet: Variations in translocation of cytochrome C protein into the cytosol in ( A ) HepG2, ( B ) MCF-7, ( C ) HT29, and ( D ) MCF 10A cells after treatment with NiZn ferrite nanoparticles (10, 50, and 100 μg/ml) for 12 and 36 hours (hrs). The amount of released cytochrome C is shown as the relative ratio for nanoparticle-treated cells to that of untreated cells. Mean ± SD (n = 3 wells/treatment). *P < 0.05 compared with untreated cells. Abbreviation: Conc, concentation.

Article Snippet: Three virus-negative human cancer cell lines, ie, breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 (ATCC® HTB-22TM), colorectal adenocarcinoma HT29 (ATCC® HTB-38TM), hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 (ATCC® 77400), and a breast epithelial MCF 10A (ATCC® CRL-10317TM) line were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, MD, USA).

Techniques: Translocation Assay

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Induction of apoptosis in cancer cells by NiZn ferrite nanoparticles through mitochondrial cytochrome C release

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S50061

Figure Lengend Snippet: NiZn ferrite nanoparticles induced loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential. The mitochondrial transmembrane potential was measured by flow cytometry using rhodamine 123 dye. Exposure of ( A ) HepG2, ( B ) MCF-7, ( C ) HT29, and ( D ) MCF 10A cells to NiZn ferrite nanoparticles (10, 50, and 100 μg/ml) for 12 and 36 hours (hrs) decreased the mitochondrial transmembrane potential. Mean ± standard deviation (n = 3 wells/treatment). * P < 0.05 compared with untreated cells. Abbreviations: Conc, concentation; Rh-123, rhodamine 123.

Article Snippet: Three virus-negative human cancer cell lines, ie, breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 (ATCC® HTB-22TM), colorectal adenocarcinoma HT29 (ATCC® HTB-38TM), hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 (ATCC® 77400), and a breast epithelial MCF 10A (ATCC® CRL-10317TM) line were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, MD, USA).

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Standard Deviation

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Induction of apoptosis in cancer cells by NiZn ferrite nanoparticles through mitochondrial cytochrome C release

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S50061

Figure Lengend Snippet: Time course of glutathione (GSH) depletion caused by nanoparticle (10, 50, and 100 μg/ml) exposure in ( A ) HepG2, ( B ) MCF-7, ( C ) HT29, and ( D ) MCF 10A cells. The NiZn ferrite nanoaprticles-treated cells were lysed by sulfosalicylic acid and the samples were centrifuged at 10,000 × g for 5 minutes. Aliquot of 1 ml of the supernatants was added to 2 ml of Ellman’s reagent and the absorbance was recorded at 405 nm after 5 minutes. Mean ± standard deviation (n = 3 times per treatment). *P < 0.05 compared with untreated cells. Abbreviations: Conc, concentation; hrs, hours.

Article Snippet: Three virus-negative human cancer cell lines, ie, breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 (ATCC® HTB-22TM), colorectal adenocarcinoma HT29 (ATCC® HTB-38TM), hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 (ATCC® 77400), and a breast epithelial MCF 10A (ATCC® CRL-10317TM) line were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, MD, USA).

Techniques: Standard Deviation

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Induction of apoptosis in cancer cells by NiZn ferrite nanoparticles through mitochondrial cytochrome C release

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S50061

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of NiZn ferrite nanoparticle dose on malondialdehyde (MDA) production in ( A ) HepG2, ( B ) MCF-7, ( C ) HT29, and ( D ) MCF 10A cell lines. Cells were exposed for 12 and 36 hours (hrs) to the indicated concentrations of nanoparticles. After changing the medium, the cells were allowed to grow for 24 hours. Malondialdehyde was then assayed in the cell pellets by the thiobarbituric acid reaction. Mean ± standard deviation (n = 3 wells/treatment). * P < 0.05 compared with untreated cells. Abbreviation: Conc, concentation.

Article Snippet: Three virus-negative human cancer cell lines, ie, breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 (ATCC® HTB-22TM), colorectal adenocarcinoma HT29 (ATCC® HTB-38TM), hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 (ATCC® 77400), and a breast epithelial MCF 10A (ATCC® CRL-10317TM) line were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, MD, USA).

Techniques: Standard Deviation

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Induction of apoptosis in cancer cells by NiZn ferrite nanoparticles through mitochondrial cytochrome C release

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S50061

Figure Lengend Snippet: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in vitro in ( A ) HepG2, ( B ) MCF-7, ( C ) HT29, and ( D ) MCF 10A cells treated with NiZn ferrite nanoparticles. Relative fluorescence intensity of sample versus control was calculated. Mean ± standard deviation (n = 3 wells/treatment). * P < 0.05 compared with untreated cells. Abbreviations: Conc, concentation; hrs, hours.

Article Snippet: Three virus-negative human cancer cell lines, ie, breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 (ATCC® HTB-22TM), colorectal adenocarcinoma HT29 (ATCC® HTB-38TM), hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 (ATCC® 77400), and a breast epithelial MCF 10A (ATCC® CRL-10317TM) line were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, MD, USA).

Techniques: In Vitro, Fluorescence, Control, Standard Deviation

Journal: Molecular Medicine Reports

Article Title: Apoptosis induced by methanol extract of Potentilla discolor in human mucoepidermoid carcinoma cells through STAT3/PUMA signaling axis

doi: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8468

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effects of MEPD on STAT3 phosphorylation in MC3 and YD15 cells. (A) The cell lysates were analyzed by western blot analysis using antibodies against p-STAT3 and total STAT3. The graph represents the mean ± SD of three independent experiments and significance compared with the control group was indicated (*P<0.05). (B) Immunofluorescence was performed using with p-STAT3 antibody (magnification, ×400). (C) Cells were transiently transfected with 500 ng pcDNA3.1 or pcDNA3.1-STAT3 for 24 h and treated with certain dose of MEPD for 48 h. The cell viability was performed by trypan blue exclusion assay. *P<0.05 compared with DMSO treatment group; # P<0.05 compared with pcDNA3.1 control group.

Article Snippet: Rabbit anti-human polyclonal antibodies against cleaved PARP (1:3,000; catalog no. 9541), p-STAT3 (1:1,000; catalog no. 9145), total STAT3 (1:3,000; catalog no. 4904) and PUMA (1:1,000; catalog no. 4976) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. (Charlottesville, VA, USA). p53 antibody (1:2,000; catalog no. OP43) was obtained by Calbiochem (San Diego, CA, USA).

Techniques: Western Blot, Immunofluorescence, Transfection, Trypan Blue Exclusion Assay

Journal: Molecular Medicine Reports

Article Title: Apoptosis induced by methanol extract of Potentilla discolor in human mucoepidermoid carcinoma cells through STAT3/PUMA signaling axis

doi: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8468

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effects of cryptotanshinone on apoptosis and PUMA expression in MC3 and YD15 cells. MC3 and YD15 cells were treated with DMSO or certain concentration (14 µM for MC3 cells, 10 µM for YD15 cells) of cryptotanshinone (a potent STAT3 inhibitor) for 24 h. (A) The effect of cryptotanshinone on cell viability was analyzed by trypan blue exclusion assay. The graph represents the mean ± SD of triplicate experiments. ***P<0.001 compared with DMSO treatment group. (B) Western blot analysis was performed to detect p-STAT3, total STAT3 and cleaved PARP. Actin was used to normalize the protein loading of each treatment group. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001 compared with DMSO treatment group. (C) Cells were stained with DAPI solution as mentioned in Materials and methods (magnification, ×400) (upper panel), and live (green) and dead (red) cells were determined by Live/Dead assay kit as mentioned in Materials and methods (magnification, ×200) (lower panel). (D) The cell lysates were analyzed by western blot analysis using antibodies against Puma and p53. The graph represents the mean ± SD of three independent experiments and significance compared with the control group was indicated (*P<0.05 vs. control group).

Article Snippet: Rabbit anti-human polyclonal antibodies against cleaved PARP (1:3,000; catalog no. 9541), p-STAT3 (1:1,000; catalog no. 9145), total STAT3 (1:3,000; catalog no. 4904) and PUMA (1:1,000; catalog no. 4976) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. (Charlottesville, VA, USA). p53 antibody (1:2,000; catalog no. OP43) was obtained by Calbiochem (San Diego, CA, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Concentration Assay, Trypan Blue Exclusion Assay, Western Blot, Staining, Live Dead Assay